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Regional differentiation of induced abortion rate in the Czech republic
Chválová, Martina ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
Regional differentiation of induced abortion rate in the Czech republic Abstract The goal of the work is to address the issue of induced abortion in the Czech Republic in 2011. The abortion definition and its types, necessary for exact delimitation of the topic, are introduced. Then actual legislation and data gathering of induced abortion are provided. The work focuses on the analysis of regional differentiation of induced abortions in the Czech Republic. The work includes graphs of some statistical indicators of induced abortions in the Czech Republic in 2011. It mainly focuses on pattems of induced abortions in individual regions, according to number of previous live-born babies to mothers who underwent the induced abortion, marital status and education level of these women. Methods of demographic analysis and statistical methods are used (induced abortions to live birth ratios, total induced abortions rate, women's average age at induced abortion). Working hypotheses are presented and consequently verified. Cluster analysis on the regional scale was applied to make the induced abortion patterns more transparent and easier to interpret. The analysis showed that the biggest number of induced abortions is in Central-Bohemia region and in Prague. The highest induced abortion ratio and total induced abortion...
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Chromosomal investigation in foetuses with developmental abnormalities
Štolfa, Miroslav ; Novotná, Drahuše (advisor) ; Král, Jiří (referee)
Chromosomal aberrations are common causes of abnormal development of fetuses leading to the birth of malformed indvidual or to the intrauterine death. Half of miscarriages in the first trimester and a third in the second trimester are caused by fetal chromosomal abnormalities, mainly aneuploidies. If fetus is abnormally developed, invasive prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis should be recommended. Positive cytogenetic finding can be reason for induced abortion till the end of 24th week of gestation. We investigated 81 miscarriages, 46 fetuses from induced abortions and 80 fetuses with abnormal development from ongoing pregnancies. G-banding analysis was used as the main method for investigating miscarriages. Genomic DNA isolated from abnormally developed fetuses was screened by array CGH technique. We found 43,75 % chromosomal abnormal miscarried fetuses, majority of them with numerical aberrations (91,4 %). In group of induced abortions, 25,71 % fetuses carried chromosomal abnormality. The lowest rate 11,67 % of chromosoal aberrations was detected in group of prenatally diagnosed fetuses from ongoing pregnancies. Array CGH detected submicroscopic aberrations in 13,41 % fetuses with ultrasound findings. All together 25,74 % microscopic and causal submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities were found to be...
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Abortions in the context of low fertility: development o abortions in Czechia and Slovakia after 1993
Idlbeková, Bára ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Fait, Tomáš (referee)
Abortion in the context of low fertility: development of abortion in the Czech Republic and Slovakia after 1993 Abstract The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview of the development of abortion rates and structures in the Czech Republic and Slovakia after the collapse of Czechoslovakia i.e. from 1993 to 2019 and to compare trends that occur in both countries. The first part of the bachelor thesis consists of the basic information about abortion, such as its definitions, types and methods of implementation, and legislations. The second part frames the theory of the topic, specifically the development of abortions in connection with abortion legislation, methods of fertility regulation, abortion in the context of the 2nd demographic transition and contraceptive revolution. Subsequently, trends and structures of induced abortions in both Czechia and Slovakia are analyzed using indicators of demographic analysis and visualization in the form of comparative graphs. The comparative method of analysis also works with the prevalence of contraception, its level significantly affects the development of abortion and fertility at the same time and therefore ranks among the main factors in the study and interpretation of abortion trends. Keywords: induced abortion, contraception,...
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Planned parenthood in Visegrad Group countries
Hrabcová, Tereza ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Planned parenthood in Visegrad Group countries Abstract The main goal of this thesis is to characterise the changing approach to family planning in individual Visegrad Group countries from the 1950s to the present and then compare them to each other. The theoretical part focuses on factors that had major influence on both the formation of families and the time of having children in the countries studied. The analytical part deals with the development of demographic indicators of fertility, abortion and the estimated development of contraceptive use based on the surveys carried out. The analysis shows that during the socialist era, the approach about family planning was similar in the countries, but from the early 1990s it began to differentiate more. The biggest differences from other countries were recorded in Poland, probably due to the Catholic Church. Keywords: planned parenthood, Visegrad Group, Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, fertility, induced abortion, contraception
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Recent trends and patterns of induced abortion with focus on the Czech Republic after 1986
Končická, Anna ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Malinová, Albína (referee)
Recent trends and patterns of induced abortion with focus on the Czech Republic after 1986 Abstract The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to give a comprehensive overview of developement and patterns of induced abortion in the Czech Republic after 1986 until present in a broader context. The first part of this study is primarly devoted to basic information on induced abortion and to individual factors influencing the level of induced abortion in the Czech Republic. In the second part, trends and patterns of induced abortion are analysed using methods of demohraphic analyses. Individual anonymous data provided by the Czech Statistical Office are also analysed using binary logistic regression method. During the reference period, there was a significant decrease in the level of induced abortion and also change in the structure of induced abortion by age, marital status, number of children and education. Keywords: Czech Republic, induced abortion, trends, patterns
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Abortion, Comparison of K.H. Peschke´sview and W. Huber´s view
NOVÁ, Blanka
The thesis deals with the topic of induced abortion. It presents views of catholic and protestant Christian ethicists by way of selected sources. A part of the thesis addresses the question of when a human life begins, next it deals with the four indications when an induced abortion is allowed, and compares the attitudes of catholic and protestant ethicists. Further, it works with the Sixth Commandment "Thou shalt not kill" and presents biblical references concerning abortion. Another part of the thesis deals with the statement of the German Evangelical Church on the German abortion law. In the conclusion of the thesis, the similarities and differences in the opinions on abortion of the two biggest Christian churches are presented.
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Chromosomal investigation in foetuses with developmental abnormalities
Štolfa, Miroslav ; Novotná, Drahuše (advisor) ; Král, Jiří (referee)
Chromosomal aberrations are common causes of abnormal development of fetuses leading to the birth of malformed indvidual or to the intrauterine death. Half of miscarriages in the first trimester and a third in the second trimester are caused by fetal chromosomal abnormalities, mainly aneuploidies. If fetus is abnormally developed, invasive prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis should be recommended. Positive cytogenetic finding can be reason for induced abortion till the end of 24th week of gestation. We investigated 81 miscarriages, 46 fetuses from induced abortions and 80 fetuses with abnormal development from ongoing pregnancies. G-banding analysis was used as the main method for investigating miscarriages. Genomic DNA isolated from abnormally developed fetuses was screened by array CGH technique. We found 43,75 % chromosomal abnormal miscarried fetuses, majority of them with numerical aberrations (91,4 %). In group of induced abortions, 25,71 % fetuses carried chromosomal abnormality. The lowest rate 11,67 % of chromosoal aberrations was detected in group of prenatally diagnosed fetuses from ongoing pregnancies. Array CGH detected submicroscopic aberrations in 13,41 % fetuses with ultrasound findings. All together 25,74 % microscopic and causal submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities were found to be...
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Reproductive health and induced abortion in Latin America and the Caribbean
Komrsková, Lucie ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Reproductive health and induced abortion in Latin America and the Caribbean Abstract The objective of this study is to give a comprehensive overview of the reproductive health of the population living in Latin America and the Caribbean, and to evaluate the level of induced abortion in the region at the same time. In the theoretical part of the study the term reproductive health is defined and indicators evaluating its level are described. As well the difference between safe and unsafe abortion is explained and the state of abortion law is expounded in this part. Next part is devoted to the promotion of family planning programs. In the analytical part Latin American and Caribbean countries are divided into four groups by using cluster analysis. Within each group one selected country is characterized in more detail. Indicators entering into the analysis show the level of reproductive health, the level of fertility and the economic performance of countries in the early 21st century. In the part related to the induced abortion rate in the region is discovered that despite the fact that in Latin America and the Caribbean there is one of the highest levels of contraceptive prevalence, there is also the highest level of induced abortion in the world. In the last part of the study the relationship between level of...
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Patterns of induced abortion in the Czech Republic, France, Italy, and Sweden
Mistrová, Aneta ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
Goal of this diploma thesis is to present trends of induced abortions attitudes towards abortion in four European countries at the end of 20th century and beginning of 21st century. At first, study mentions definitions and legislations related to induced abortions. Furthemore there is mentioned methodology which is used in this study. In this part issue of international comparison of induced abortion is emphasized. Introduction into matter of induced abortion is provided by next part and it includes continuity with anticonception. Afterthat analysis of induced abortions follows. There is briefly mentioned long-range development in the Czech Republic, France, Italy and Sweden and then scope is dedicated to induced abortion patterns by age of women. These trends are represented by rates and ratios. At the end of this part is mentioned average age of woman at induced abortion. On the basis of international survey European Values Study, was examined public attitude in chosen European countries towards induced abortions. Next to last part is devoted to this topic. At the beginning of this part are used variables and basic hypothesis. Respondent's attitudes are analysed not only by descriptive statistics but also by binary logistic regression and GLM. In conclusion are summarized the main findings of this diploma...
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